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Which language family does Georgian belong to?

The Kartvelian languages and Georgian's relatives.

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Short answer

Georgian belongs to the Kartvelian, or South Caucasian, language family, which also includes Megrelian, Laz and Svan. It is unrelated to Slavic, Turkic or other Indo-European languages. About 4 million people speak Georgian, the state language of Georgia.

The Georgian alphabet faq-cover-georgian-language.png

Why

  1. Its status as the state language is set in the Constitution; in Abkhazia, Abkhaz is also recognised as a state language.
  2. Georgian has its own 33-letter script, Mkhedruli.
  3. Georgian has no grammatical gender, and a verb can agree with several participants at once.

Details

Megrelian and Svan have no written standard and are spoken at home in Samegrelo and Svaneti. Laz is spoken mainly in Turkey.

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Sources

Information checked on October 3, 2026.

The Georgian alphabet

  • What do Georgians call Russians, Armenians and other peoples?

    In Georgian a Russian is rusi (რუსი) and Russia is Ruseti (რუსეთი); an Armenian is somekhi (სომეხი), an Azerbaijani azerbaijaneli (აზერბაიჯანელი) and a Ukrainian ukraineli (უკრაინელი).

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  • How do you say 'happy birthday' in Georgian?

    'Happy birthday' in Georgian is gilotsav dabadebis dghes (გილოცავ დაბადების დღეს), or politely and to several people gilotsavt (გილოცავთ).

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  • How do you say 'what's your name' in Georgian?

    'What's your name' in Georgian is ra gkvia (რა გქვია), or politely ra gkviat (რა გქვიათ).

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  • What does 'katso' mean in Georgian?

    Katso (კაცო) is a casual way to address a man, from katsi (კაცი), 'man, person', roughly 'hey, man' or 'listen, mate'.

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